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The Hindi languages, also known as the Madhya languages and the Central Zone of the Indo-Aryan languages, is a dialect continuum in the Hindi zone spoken across northern India that descend from the Madhya Prakrits, and includes the official languages of India and Pakistan, Hindi and Urdu. The coherence of this group depends on the classification being used; here only Eastern and Western Hindi will be considered. ==Languages== If there can be considered a consensus within the dialectology of Hindi proper, it is that it can be split into two sets of dialects: ''Western'' and ''Eastern Hindi''. ''Western Hindi'' evolved from the Apabhramsa form of Shauraseni Prakrit, ''Eastern Hindi'' from ''Ardhamagadhi''. # Western Hindi〔(Grierson G.A. Western Hindi. In Linguistic Survey of India. )〕 # * ''Braj Bhasha'' (''Brajbhakha)'', spoken in western Uttar Pradesh and adjacent districts of Rajasthan and Haryana # * ''Haryanvi'' (''Bangaru)'', spoken in the states of Haryana and Delhi. # * ''Bundeli'' (''Bundelkhandi)'', spoken in west-central Madhya Pradesh. # * ''Kannauji'', spoken in west-central Uttar Pradesh. # * ''Hindustani'', including the standard vernacular dialect Khariboli. # Eastern Hindi # * ''Awadhi'', spoken in north and north-central Uttar Pradesh and in Fiji (Fijian Hindi). # * ''Bagheli'', spoken in north-central Madhya Pradesh and central Uttar Pradesh. # * ''Chhattisgarhi'', spoken in southeast Madhya Pradesh and northern and central Chhattisgarh. Romani, Domari, Lomavren, and Seb Seliyer (or at least their ancestors) appear to be Central Zone languages that migrated to the Middle East and Europe ca. 500–1000 CE in three distinct waves. Parya is a Central Zone language of Central Asia. To Western Hindi ''Ethnologue'' 16 adds Sansi, Chamari, Bhaya (= Malvi?), Gowli (= Gowlan?), and Ghera (a Pakistani enclave of an unidentified Indian language). Sansi is particularly close to Hindustani, but it's not clear the others are actually Central Zone. This analysis excludes varieties sometimes claimed for Hindi for cultural reasons, such as Bihari, Rajasthani, and Pahari. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hindi languages」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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